Literature on sexual violence in armed conflict indicates that rape and violence against women (VAW) prior to, during, and after conflict is extensive in scope and magnitude. Violence is often systematically used as a ‘weapon of war’ and may be physical, sexual, psychological, economic, or socio-cultural in nature and be perpetrated in private or public settings. Gender-based violence (GBV) is associated with increasing instances of sexually transmitted infections such as HIV, unintended pregnancies, gynaecological problems, induced abortions, and adverse pregnancy outcomes, including miscarriage, low birth weight, and foetal death. Women are often disempowered by exploitation, rape, the threat of rape, domestic violence, HIV infection, trauma, and disabilities resulting from GBV. Girls too are disempowered because of the threat of violence when they cannot attend school, are abducted for trafficking, or when their families disintegrate or must flee. Randeree, K. (2014). Faith-inspired Action on Gender Justice in the Muslim World A Programmatic Approach to Empowering Empowering Communities in Conflict Environments Communities in Conflict Environments. . 3 (3), p53-68.

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